https://w3id.org/np/RACEt1hQwkhKiP4gQ4X-83vPsptU3IEdCX-T_vWYRXz0A/Head https://w3id.org/np/RACEt1hQwkhKiP4gQ4X-83vPsptU3IEdCX-T_vWYRXz0A http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasAssertion https://w3id.org/np/RACEt1hQwkhKiP4gQ4X-83vPsptU3IEdCX-T_vWYRXz0A/assertion https://w3id.org/np/RACEt1hQwkhKiP4gQ4X-83vPsptU3IEdCX-T_vWYRXz0A http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasProvenance https://w3id.org/np/RACEt1hQwkhKiP4gQ4X-83vPsptU3IEdCX-T_vWYRXz0A/provenance https://w3id.org/np/RACEt1hQwkhKiP4gQ4X-83vPsptU3IEdCX-T_vWYRXz0A http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasPublicationInfo https://w3id.org/np/RACEt1hQwkhKiP4gQ4X-83vPsptU3IEdCX-T_vWYRXz0A/pubinfo https://w3id.org/np/RACEt1hQwkhKiP4gQ4X-83vPsptU3IEdCX-T_vWYRXz0A http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#Nanopublication https://w3id.org/np/RACEt1hQwkhKiP4gQ4X-83vPsptU3IEdCX-T_vWYRXz0A/assertion https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10640-023-00813-2 http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0531-7659 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10640-023-00813-2 http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0906-9269 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10640-023-00813-2 http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3896-6516 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10640-023-00813-2 http://purl.org/dc/terms/publisher https://ror.org/01xsmwp79 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10640-023-00813-2 http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_331559 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10640-023-00813-2 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/fair/ff/terms/article https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10640-023-00813-2 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/fdof/ontology#FAIRDigitalObject https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10640-023-00813-2 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment There is growing recognition of the connection between ecosystem conservation and human health. For example, protection of tropical forests can affect the spread of infectious diseases, water quality, and dietary diversity, while forest loss can have important consequences for respiratory health due to the use of fire for converting land to alternative uses in many countries. Studies demonstrating links between ecosystems and health often conclude with recommendations to expand policies that protect natural ecosystems. However, there is little empirical evidence on the extent to which conservation policies actually deliver health benefits when they are implemented in real contexts. We estimate the effects of protected areas (PAs), the dominant type of conservation policy, on hospitalizations for respiratory illness in the Brazilian Amazon biome. We find that doubling upwind PAs reduces PM2.5 by 10% and respiratory hospitalizations by 7% in the months of most active biomass burning. Brazil has an extensive network of PAs, but investments in management and enforcement have declined in recent years. Forest fires have increased dramatically over the same period. We estimate that the value of the health benefits exceed current average expenditures on PA management for the 1/3 of PAs with the largest local populations, although not for PAs in more remote locations. Our findings highlight how quantifying the contributions to the wellbeing of local populations can support conservation objectives, even if global environmental benefits are not a high priority for decision makers. Major findings: Doubling the area of upwind PAs results in a 10% reduction in $PM_{2.5}$ and a 7% decrease in hospital admissions during active biomass burning months. These health improvements are primarily driven by reduced cases of pneumonia and acute upper respiratory infections among children under 15 years old. For the most populous regions, the economic value of avoided hospitalizations exceeds the direct costs of managing and enforcing protected area boundaries. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10640-023-00813-2 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Protecting Life and Lung: Protected Areas Affect Fine Particulate Matter and Respiratory Hospitalizations in the Brazilian Amazon Biome https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10640-023-00813-2 https://schema.org/funder https://ror.org/021nxhr62 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10640-023-00813-2 https://w3id.org/fdof/ontology#hasMetadata https://w3id.org/np/RACEt1hQwkhKiP4gQ4X-83vPsptU3IEdCX-T_vWYRXz0A https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10640-023-00813-2 https://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#contactPoint katrina.mullan@umontana.edu https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10640-023-00813-2 https://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#endDate 2023-11-06 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10640-023-00813-2 https://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#startDate 2022 https://w3id.org/np/RACEt1hQwkhKiP4gQ4X-83vPsptU3IEdCX-T_vWYRXz0A/provenance https://w3id.org/np/RACEt1hQwkhKiP4gQ4X-83vPsptU3IEdCX-T_vWYRXz0A/assertion http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8411-2742 https://w3id.org/np/RACEt1hQwkhKiP4gQ4X-83vPsptU3IEdCX-T_vWYRXz0A/pubinfo https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8411-2742 http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name Emily Regalado https://w3id.org/np/RACEt1hQwkhKiP4gQ4X-83vPsptU3IEdCX-T_vWYRXz0A http://purl.org/dc/terms/created 2026-01-21T17:51:39.049Z https://w3id.org/np/RACEt1hQwkhKiP4gQ4X-83vPsptU3IEdCX-T_vWYRXz0A http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8411-2742 https://w3id.org/np/RACEt1hQwkhKiP4gQ4X-83vPsptU3IEdCX-T_vWYRXz0A http://purl.org/dc/terms/license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://w3id.org/np/RACEt1hQwkhKiP4gQ4X-83vPsptU3IEdCX-T_vWYRXz0A http://purl.org/nanopub/x/introduces https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10640-023-00813-2 https://w3id.org/np/RACEt1hQwkhKiP4gQ4X-83vPsptU3IEdCX-T_vWYRXz0A http://purl.org/nanopub/x/supersedes https://w3id.org/np/RALL94WA1rh9-R_CgTMsOz51QGOGZb5H-t_7OsmN3RbEo https://w3id.org/np/RACEt1hQwkhKiP4gQ4X-83vPsptU3IEdCX-T_vWYRXz0A http://purl.org/nanopub/x/wasCreatedAt https://nanodash.knowledgepixels.com/ https://w3id.org/np/RACEt1hQwkhKiP4gQ4X-83vPsptU3IEdCX-T_vWYRXz0A https://w3id.org/np/o/ntemplate/wasCreatedFromProvenanceTemplate https://w3id.org/np/RA7lSq6MuK_TIC6JMSHvLtee3lpLoZDOqLJCLXevnrPoU https://w3id.org/np/RACEt1hQwkhKiP4gQ4X-83vPsptU3IEdCX-T_vWYRXz0A https://w3id.org/np/o/ntemplate/wasCreatedFromPubinfoTemplate https://w3id.org/np/RA0J4vUn_dekg-U1kK3AOEt02p9mT2WO03uGxLDec1jLw https://w3id.org/np/RACEt1hQwkhKiP4gQ4X-83vPsptU3IEdCX-T_vWYRXz0A https://w3id.org/np/o/ntemplate/wasCreatedFromPubinfoTemplate https://w3id.org/np/RAoTD7udB2KtUuOuAe74tJi1t3VzK0DyWS7rYVAq1GRvw https://w3id.org/np/RACEt1hQwkhKiP4gQ4X-83vPsptU3IEdCX-T_vWYRXz0A https://w3id.org/np/o/ntemplate/wasCreatedFromPubinfoTemplate https://w3id.org/np/RAukAcWHRDlkqxk7H2XNSegc1WnHI569INvNr-xdptDGI https://w3id.org/np/RACEt1hQwkhKiP4gQ4X-83vPsptU3IEdCX-T_vWYRXz0A https://w3id.org/np/o/ntemplate/wasCreatedFromTemplate https://w3id.org/np/RArM5GTwgxg9qslGX-XiQ-KTTUwdoM0KB1YqmT4GqTizA https://w3id.org/np/RACEt1hQwkhKiP4gQ4X-83vPsptU3IEdCX-T_vWYRXz0A/sig http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasAlgorithm RSA https://w3id.org/np/RACEt1hQwkhKiP4gQ4X-83vPsptU3IEdCX-T_vWYRXz0A/sig http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasPublicKey MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAxzr6UBGMW6c8tegz0babaledWUEQ0PLDE4tp7Iinbe2DZtAtY5JUptKYuStWDZx+QER4808P8dejNWRnBDzgthYJm/AyNSXflHSJhz2+NC+h7RylOLxbwLEQocmyKKiYxa2gT85m6ajVL2M6TnfG67nnK+K2f7iCGL6wYXRITD1q+7+5SWqBdDXIV921W4IKWaD2GJk+NRBoOqQhbsrk8Tn5XsNd7DMYVHk47oMDGbeBnrOIoRPsbBgAcoCsxxhiB9yN6Lf8EUbnlXVEDzJuZk048L1BDZL+6nkA8btTQGP2ijUFWA7rTrod3LjUDQWLZS95njjl867dtmv/znYkzwIDAQAB https://w3id.org/np/RACEt1hQwkhKiP4gQ4X-83vPsptU3IEdCX-T_vWYRXz0A/sig http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasSignature bt/urlpvGX0Vpe2yZlc9pecP7Hj6024dlawUHfERxDLGoc8WTiPqlBmwtULfvmMpet1PjdsW9mBGNdrJEW+rmd2c0hZs2sJmXr0umwuLNFkGkrVrkfuWQcwcQ8yFTUaQ7LJSzcG42vyL0GiWIHDgiJIkKG/YHncKE8J32sdMV/aloYJnq7n+Rb+glh+QGqkFcMcFdnrpJw+xB5uCWgGldyvj5dZvWSwmjguX1ukN6PZKlBx9wbCpDebrUBq7I08DS5Ju8ne9q7EqTnMGptv4Mjb/fn/JjSiuYkK2lIEiUHfzehuauG1QxKUSJkIwLdPmDxka7SulGiY/I2Jqd6hsEg== https://w3id.org/np/RACEt1hQwkhKiP4gQ4X-83vPsptU3IEdCX-T_vWYRXz0A/sig http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasSignatureTarget https://w3id.org/np/RACEt1hQwkhKiP4gQ4X-83vPsptU3IEdCX-T_vWYRXz0A https://w3id.org/np/RACEt1hQwkhKiP4gQ4X-83vPsptU3IEdCX-T_vWYRXz0A/sig http://purl.org/nanopub/x/signedBy https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8411-2742