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Results here suggest that, during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic, countries with a shorter period of lockdown (about 15 days: Austria, Portugal and Sweden) have average confirmed cases divided by population higher than countries with a longer period of lockdown (about 60 days, i.e., 2 months: France, Italy and Spain); moreover, countries with a shorter period of lockdown have average fatality rate (5.45%) lower than countries with a longer length of lockdown (12.70%), whereas average variation of fatality rate from March to August 2020 (first pandemic wave of COVID-19) suggests a higher reduction in countries with a longer period of lockdown than countries with a shorter duration (-1.9% vs. -0.72%). Independent Samples Test reveals that average fatality rate of countries with a shorter period of lockdown was significantly lower than countries with a longer period of lockdown (5.4% vs. 12.7%, p-value<.05). The Mann-Whitney Test confirms that average fatality rate of countries with a shorter period of lockdown is significantly lower than countries having a longer period of lockdown (U = 0, p-value =.005). In addition, results show that lockdowns of longer duration have generated negative effects on GDP growth: average contraction of GDP (index 2010 = 100) from second quarter 2019 to second quarter of 2020 in countries applying a longer period of lockdown (i.e., about two months) is about -21%, whereas it is -13% in countries applying a shorter period of lockdown of about 15 days (significant difference with Independent Samples Test: t(4) = -2.274, p-value <.085). This finding shows a systematic deterioration of economic system because of containment policies based on a longer duration of lockdown in society. Another novel finding here reveals that countries with higher investments in healthcare (as percentage of GDP) have alleviated fatality rate of COVID-19 and simultaneously have applied a shorter period of lockdown, reducing negative effects on economic system in terms of contraction of economic growth. Overall, then, using lessons learned of the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic crisis, this study must conclude that a strategy to reduce the negative impact of future epidemics similar to COVID-19 has to be based on a reinforcement of healthcare sector to have efficient health organizations to cope with pandemics of new viral agents by minimizing fatality rates; finally, high investments in health sector create the social conditions to apply lockdowns of short run with lower negative effects on socioeconomic systems. (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved." } } } rows { name { value: "encodingFormat" } } rows { quad { p_iri { name_id: 73 } o_literal { lex: "application/ld+json" } } } rows { name { value: "hasPart" } } rows { prefix { value: "https://w3id.org/ro-id/4124aa67-10cb-4105-9da4-034a777911ac/resources/" } } rows { name { value: "cc67e177-291a-473f-bc90-cc674b6bdb14" } } rows { quad { p_iri { } o_iri { prefix_id: 12 } } } rows { name { value: "identifier" } } rows { quad { p_iri { prefix_id: 15 } o_literal { lex: "https://w3id.org/ro-id/4124aa67-10cb-4105-9da4-034a777911ac" } } } rows { name { value: "license" } } rows { prefix { value: "https://choosealicense.com/no-permission/" } } rows { quad { p_iri { } o_iri { prefix_id: 13 name_id: 2 } } } rows { quad { p_iri { prefix_id: 15 name_id: 14 } o_literal { lex: "The relation between length of lockdown, numbers of infected people and deaths of Covid-19, and economic growth of countries: Lessons learned to cope with future pandemics similar to Covid-19 and to constrain the deterioration of economic system" } } } rows { name { value: "creation_mode" } } rows { quad { p_iri { prefix_id: 16 name_id: 78 } o_literal { lex: "MANUAL" } } } rows { prefix { id: 1 value: "http://purl.org/wf4ever/ro#" } } rows { name { value: "ResearchObject" } } rows { quad { p_iri { prefix_id: 6 name_id: 10 } o_iri { prefix_id: 1 name_id: 79 } } } rows { prefix { id: 3 value: "http://purl.org/wf4ever/roevo#" } } rows { name { value: "LiveRO" } } rows { quad { o_iri { prefix_id: 3 } } } rows { name { value: "Dataset" } } rows { quad { o_iri { prefix_id: 15 } } } rows { prefix { id: 2 value: "http://w3id.org/ro/earth-science#" } } rows { name { value: "BibliographyResearchObject" } } rows { quad { o_iri { prefix_id: 2 } } } rows { prefix { id: 4 value: "https://w3id.org/ro/terms/earth-science#" } } rows { quad { o_iri { prefix_id: 4 name_id: 82 } } } rows { prefix { value: "https://www.w3.org/ns/iana/link-relations/relation#" } } rows { name { value: "cite-as" } } rows { quad { p_iri { prefix_id: 5 } o_literal { lex: "Foglini, Federica. \"The relation between length of lockdown, numbers of infected people and deaths of Covid-19, and economic growth of countries: Lessons learned to cope with future pandemics similar to Covid-19 and to constrain the deterioration of economic system.\" ROHub. Dec 10 ,2021. https://w3id.org/ro-id/4124aa67-10cb-4105-9da4-034a777911ac." } } } rows { quad { s_iri { prefix_id: 12 name_id: 75 } p_iri { prefix_id: 15 name_id: 65 } o_iri { prefix_id: 11 name_id: 69 } } } rows { quad { p_iri { prefix_id: 15 name_id: 66 } o_literal { lex: "296" datatype: 1 } } } rows { quad { p_iri { } o_literal { lex: "https://api.rohub.org/api/resources/cc67e177-291a-473f-bc90-cc674b6bdb14/download/" } } } rows { quad { p_iri { } o_iri { prefix_id: 11 } } } rows { quad { p_iri { prefix_id: 15 } o_literal { lex: "2021-12-10 09:57:57.350896+00:00" } } } rows { quad { p_iri { } o_literal { lex: "2021-12-10 09:57:57.352165+00:00" } } } rows { quad { p_iri { name_id: 13 } o_literal { lex: "How is the relation between duration of lockdown and numbers of infected people and deaths of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and growth level of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in countries? Results here suggest that, during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic, countries with a shorter period of lockdown (about 15 days: Austria, Portugal and Sweden) have average confirmed cases divided by population higher than countries with a longer period of lockdown (about 60 days, i.e., 2 months: France, Italy and Spain); moreover, countries with a shorter period of lockdown have average fatality rate (5.45%) lower than countries with a longer length of lockdown (12.70%), whereas average variation of fatality rate from March to August 2020 (first pandemic wave of COVID-19) suggests a higher reduction in countries with a longer period of lockdown than countries with a shorter duration (-1.9% vs. -0.72%). Independent Samples Test reveals that average fatality rate of countries with a shorter period of lockdown was significantly lower than countries with a longer period of lockdown (5.4% vs. 12.7%, p-value<.05). The Mann-Whitney Test confirms that average fatality rate of countries with a shorter period of lockdown is significantly lower than countries having a longer period of lockdown (U = 0, p-value =.005). In addition, results show that lockdowns of longer duration have generated negative effects on GDP growth: average contraction of GDP (index 2010 = 100) from second quarter 2019 to second quarter of 2020 in countries applying a longer period of lockdown (i.e., about two months) is about -21%, whereas it is -13% in countries applying a shorter period of lockdown of about 15 days (significant difference with Independent Samples Test: t(4) = -2.274, p-value <.085). This finding shows a systematic deterioration of economic system because of containment policies based on a longer duration of lockdown in society. Another novel finding here reveals that countries with higher investments in healthcare (as percentage of GDP) have alleviated fatality rate of COVID-19 and simultaneously have applied a shorter period of lockdown, reducing negative effects on economic system in terms of contraction of economic growth. Overall, then, using lessons learned of the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic crisis, this study must conclude that a strategy to reduce the negative impact of future epidemics similar to COVID-19 has to be based on a reinforcement of healthcare sector to have efficient health organizations to cope with pandemics of new viral agents by minimizing fatality rates; finally, high investments in health sector create the social conditions to apply lockdowns of short run with lower negative effects on socioeconomic systems. (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. 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