. . . . "Lists every observer-tier role association of a given space ref (space IRI + root definition): each agent holding a role whose declaration's npa:hasRoleType is gen:ObserverRole. Pass the ref's root nanopub (root_np). Per (member, role) only the latest role-instantiation nanopub is returned (by dct:created), so a role re-asserted several times shows once. Unlike list-space-observers (validated-only), this also includes self-declared observers whose key is not trust-validated (no accepted introduction), flagging them in the headerless ?unverified_noheader column. The role label is pinned to the role the space actually assigned (RoleAssignment), correct even when several declarations share a property. Ref-scoped; shows un-introduced observers rather than hiding them. v3: (a) resolves owl:sameAs space aliases (via the ref's validated npa:sameAsSpace edges in the current-state graph), so an observer role declared against an alias IRI of the space is included; (b) no longer hides users who also hold a higher-tier (admin/maintainer/member) role — every observer-tier association is listed, so an admin who is also a participant appears here for that participant role. The built-in admin property gen:hasAdmin is still excluded (it is not an observer-tier association), as are roles whose declaration is itself admin/maintainer/member-tier; non-approved higher-tier claims belong in list-space-non-approved. v4: the invalidation filter now honours an npx:invalidates edge only when the invalidating nanopub shares a signing pubkey (npa:hasValidSignatureForPublicKeyHash) with the grant it targets, so a foreign-key retraction can no longer erase another agent's observer association (issue #487 / same gate as the materializer's #112). v5: BUGFIX — the v3/v4 space-alias resolution used a `{ bind(?spaceIri as ?inSpace) } union { ... npa:sameAsSpace ... }` pattern, but RDF4J does not propagate the outer ?spaceIri into a BIND inside a UNION branch, so ?inSpace was left unbound and the query returned ZERO observers for every space. Replaced with a non-union `filter( ?inSpace = ?spaceIri || exists { ... npa:sameAsSpace ... } )` that binds ?inSpace from the role-instantiation triple, restoring the observer list while keeping alias resolution." . . . "List space observers (ref-scoped, all observer-tier associations, with validation flag)" . . "prefix rdfs: \nprefix dct: \nprefix np: \nprefix npa: \nprefix npx: \nprefix gen: \nprefix schema: \n\nselect ?member\n (group_concat(distinct ?latestNp; separator=\" \") as ?role_assignments_multi_iri)\n (group_concat(distinct ?roleLabel; separator=\"\\n\") as ?role_assignments_label_multi)\n (if(max(?val) = 0, \"⚠️\", \"\") as ?unverified_noheader)\nwhere {\n {\n select ?member ?roleProp\n (max(?val0) as ?val)\n (strafter(max(concat(coalesce(str(?dateNp),\"\"), \" \", str(?grantNp))), \" \") as ?latestNp)\n (sample(?rl) as ?rlRaw)\n where {\n values ?_root_np_multi_iri {}\n graph npa:spacesGraph { ?ref npa:rootNanopub ?_root_np_multi_iri ; npa:spaceIri ?spaceIri . }\n graph npa:graph { npa:thisRepo npa:hasCurrentSpaceState ?g . }\n graph npa:spacesGraph {\n ?ri a gen:RoleInstantiation ; npa:forSpace ?inSpace ; npa:forAgent ?member ; npa:viaNanopub ?grantNp ;\n (npa:regularProperty|npa:inverseProperty) ?roleProp .\n }\n filter( ?inSpace = ?spaceIri || exists { graph ?g { ?inSpace npa:sameAsSpace ?ref } } )\n filter exists { graph npa:spacesGraph { ?rdf a npa:RoleDeclaration ; npa:hasRoleType gen:ObserverRole ; (gen:hasRegularProperty|gen:hasInverseProperty) ?roleProp } }\n filter(?roleProp != gen:hasAdmin)\n filter not exists { graph npa:spacesGraph { ?rdh a npa:RoleDeclaration ; (gen:hasRegularProperty|gen:hasInverseProperty) ?roleProp .\n { ?rdh npa:hasRoleType gen:AdminRole } union { ?rdh npa:hasRoleType gen:MaintainerRole } union { ?rdh npa:hasRoleType gen:MemberRole } } }\n filter not exists { graph npa:graph { ?invNp npx:invalidates ?grantNp ; npa:hasValidSignatureForPublicKeyHash ?invpk . ?grantNp npa:hasValidSignatureForPublicKeyHash ?invpk . } }\n bind(if(exists { graph ?g { ?vri npa:forSpaceRef ?ref ; npa:forAgent ?member ; npa:viaNanopub ?grantNp } }, 1, 0) as ?val0)\n optional { graph npa:graph { ?grantNp dct:created ?dateNp } }\n optional {\n graph ?g { ?raRole a gen:RoleAssignment ; npa:forSpaceRef ?ref ; gen:hasRole ?role . }\n graph npa:spacesGraph { ?rd2 a npa:RoleDeclaration ; npa:role ?role ; (gen:hasRegularProperty|gen:hasInverseProperty) ?roleProp ; npa:viaNanopub ?roleNp . }\n graph npa:graph { ?roleNp np:hasAssertion ?role_a . }\n optional { graph ?role_a { ?role schema:name ?rlS } }\n optional { graph ?role_a { ?role rdfs:label ?rlA } }\n optional { graph ?role_a { ?role dct:title ?rlB } }\n bind(coalesce(?rlS, ?rlA, ?rlB) as ?rl)\n }\n }\n group by ?member ?roleProp\n }\n bind(coalesce(?rlRaw, \"role\") as ?roleLabel)\n}\ngroup by ?member\norder by ?unverified_noheader ?member" . . "Tobias Kuhn" . "2026-06-22T06:43:15Z"^^ . . . . . "RSA" . "MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQCwUtewGCpT5vIfXYE1bmf/Uqu1ojqnWdYxv+ySO80ul8Gu7m8KoyPAwuvaPj0lvPtHrg000qMmkxzKhYknEjq8v7EerxZNYp5B3/3+5ZpuWOYAs78UnQVjbHSmDdmryr4D4VvvNIiUmd0yxci47dTFUj4DvfHnGd6hVe5+goqdcwIDAQAB" . "kJ9eXpuzjRxXJxMOvc+gPEnZoJK1k3VgL0wBVIrm1z3Obv0v2BXGisT7j7AQavriAlgAIYI6WL50dRGb1IR1vUjcUmaNzpEjz99+PUGeul3Ymd2+vqVfzu07LwG0hqjr7jvJQhGwjgaVtjclG4lthhqxLY2BuW9AYGN+4ZHEj+Q=" . . .