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(from [https://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/PressBriefings/pages/34-IMO-2020-sulphur-limit-.aspx](https://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/PressBriefings/pages/34-IMO-2020-sulphur-limit-.aspx)).\n\n![Ship image](https://wwwcdn.imo.org/localresources/en/MediaCentre/PressBriefings/PublishingImages/2019 images pb/Sulphur 2020 inside pic.jpg)\n\n*Image from [IMO 2020 - cleaner shipping for cleaner air, 20 December 2019](https://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/PressBriefings/pages/34-IMO-2020-sulphur-limit-.aspx)*\n\nAccording to the [International Maritime Organization (IMO)](https://www.imo.org/) the new limit should lead to a 77% drop in overall SOx emissions from ships. \n\nThe Figure below shows the 5 key beneficial changes from IMO's **Sulphur Limit** for Ships' fuel oil:\n\n![Sulphur key changes](https://wwwcdn.imo.org/localresources/en/MediaCentre/PressBriefings/PublishingImages/2019 images pb/5 changes - Sulphur 2020 - infographic web.jpg)\n\n*Five beneficial changes from IMO’s Sulphur Limit for ships’ fuel oil*\n\n\n## This Research Object's purpose\n\nIn this work we look as the **actual impact of these measures on air pollution along shipping routes in Europe** based on Copernicus air quality data. [Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)](https://ads.atmosphere.copernicus.eu/cdsapp#!/home) uses satellite data and other observations, together with computer models, to track the accumulation and movement of air pollutants around the planet (see [https://atmosphere.copernicus.eu/air-quality](https://atmosphere.copernicus.eu/air-quality)).\n\n### Rohub - Adam plateform integration\n\n\nSome of this CAMS data is available from the [Adam platform](https://adamplatform.eu) and can be imported into a [Research Object](https://www.researchobject.org). \n\n![ADAM Platform](https://adamplatform.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/adam-home-platfomr.png)\n\n*Example of data (here daily temperatures) displayed on the Adam plateform*\n\nIt is also possible, from the Research Object, to open the resource in the Adam platform, then interactively zoom into a particular geographical area (say to the right of the Strait of Gibraltar, along the track presumably followed by cargo ships to/from the Suez Canal) and change the date (for example between 2018-07-19 and 2023-07-19) to appreciate the change.\n\n#### To go further\n\nObviously **a more detailed statistical analysis** would be required to minimize the effect of external factors (meteorological condition, level of cargo traffic, etc.) over a longer period of time to derive meaningful conclusions, however it does not seem that the high level of sulfur dioxide concentration from the pre-IMO regulation was reached after.\n\n\n##### Looking at other pollutants\n\nBesides SOx the new regulation also contributed to decrease atmospheric concentrations in nitric oxides (NOx) as well as particulate matter (PM).\n\n### References\n\n- [IMO 2020 - cleaner shipping for cleaner air, 20 December 2019](https://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/PressBriefings/pages/34-IMO-2020-sulphur-limit-.aspx)" }, { "@value": "## Rationale\n\n\nFrom 1st January 2020 the global upper limit on the sulphur content of ships' fuel oil was reduced from 3.50% to 0.50%, which represents an ~86% cut (from [https://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/PressBriefings/pages/34-IMO-2020-sulphur-limit-.aspx](https://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/PressBriefings/pages/34-IMO-2020-sulphur-limit-.aspx)).\n\n![Ship image](https://wwwcdn.imo.org/localresources/en/MediaCentre/PressBriefings/PublishingImages/2019%20images%20pb/Sulphur%202020%20inside%20pic.jpg)\n\n*Image from [IMO 2020 - cleaner shipping for cleaner air, 20 December 2019](https://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/PressBriefings/pages/34-IMO-2020-sulphur-limit-.aspx)*\n\nAccording to the [International Maritime Organization (IMO)](https://www.imo.org/) the new limit should lead to a 77% drop in overall SOx emissions from ships. \n\nThe Figure below shows the 5 key beneficial changes from IMO's **Sulphur Limit** for Ships' fuel oil:\n\n![Sulphur key changes](https://wwwcdn.imo.org/localresources/en/MediaCentre/PressBriefings/PublishingImages/2019%20images%20pb/5%20changes%20-%20Sulphur%202020%20-%20infographic%20web.jpg)\n\n*Five beneficial changes from IMO’s Sulphur Limit for ships’ fuel oil*\n\n\n## This Research Object's purpose\n\nIn this work we look as the **actual impact of these measures on air pollution along shipping routes in Europe** based on Copernicus air quality data. [Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)](https://ads.atmosphere.copernicus.eu/cdsapp#!/home) uses satellite data and other observations, together with computer models, to track the accumulation and movement of air pollutants around the planet (see [https://atmosphere.copernicus.eu/air-quality](https://atmosphere.copernicus.eu/air-quality)).\n\n### Rohub - Adam plateform integration\n\n\nSome of this CAMS data is available from the [Adam platform](https://adamplatform.eu) and can be imported into a [Research Object](https://www.researchobject.org). \n\n![ADAM Platform](https://adamplatform.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/adam-home-platfomr.png)\n\n*Example of data (here daily temperatures) displayed on the Adam plateform*\n\nIt is also possible, from the Research Object, to open the resource in the Adam platform, then interactively zoom into a particular geographical area (say to the right of the Strait of Gibraltar, along the track presumably followed by cargo ships to/from the Suez Canal) and change the date (for example between 2018-07-19 and 2023-07-19) to appreciate the change.\n\n#### To go further\n\nObviously **a more detailed statistical analysis** would be required to minimize the effect of external factors (meteorological condition, level of cargo traffic, etc.) over a longer period of time to derive meaningful conclusions, however it does not seem that the high level of sulfur dioxide concentration from the pre-IMO regulation was reached after.\n\n\n##### Looking at other pollutants\n\nBesides SOx the new regulation also contributed to decrease atmospheric concentrations in nitric oxides (NOx) as well as particulate matter (PM).\n\n### References\n\n- [IMO 2020 - cleaner shipping for cleaner air, 20 December 2019](https://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/PressBriefings/pages/34-IMO-2020-sulphur-limit-.aspx)" } ], "http://schema.org/encodingFormat": [ { "@value": "application/ld+json" } ], "http://schema.org/funder": [ { "@id": "http://w3id.org/ro-id/rohub/model#funder/b021cb50-9d2c-4f65-958f-785aa7bc445e" } ], "http://schema.org/funding": [ { "@id": "https://ror.org/10.13039/501100000780::101017501" } ], "http://schema.org/hasPart": [ { "@id": "https://w3id.org/ro-id/075e9430-5949-4a09-8622-d20916994eaa/folders/016d61d3-b7cb-4330-9fa1-ed59c97d8b24" }, { "@id": "https://w3id.org/ro-id/075e9430-5949-4a09-8622-d20916994eaa/folders/0af4cc1f-e3ec-4a08-8698-dbabcaa85c86" }, { "@id": "https://w3id.org/ro-id/075e9430-5949-4a09-8622-d20916994eaa/folders/39c8c0cf-db39-4fc4-82d7-952a72233958" }, { "@id": "https://w3id.org/ro-id/075e9430-5949-4a09-8622-d20916994eaa/folders/6f1862de-ef10-404a-92de-029c04c204be" }, { "@id": "https://w3id.org/ro-id/075e9430-5949-4a09-8622-d20916994eaa/resources/de7d67ed-dd70-41c1-b725-a8f1de4412af" }, { "@id": "https://w3id.org/ro-id/075e9430-5949-4a09-8622-d20916994eaa/resources/f5198e8a-882a-4755-ad2c-b41bf79eda37" } ], "http://schema.org/identifier": [ { "@value": "https://w3id.org/ro-id/075e9430-5949-4a09-8622-d20916994eaa" } ], "http://schema.org/keywords": [ { "@value": "Air pollution" }, { "@value": "sulphur" } ], "http://schema.org/license": [ { "@id": "https://choosealicense.com/no-permission/" } ], "http://schema.org/mainEntity": [ { "@value": "Data Cube Product" } ], "http://schema.org/name": [ { "@value": "Has the 2020 IMO fuel regulation had any noticeable impact on air pollution from shipping?" } ], "http://schema.org/publisher": [ { "@id": "https://ror.org/00vn06n10" }, { "@id": "https://ror.org/01xtthb56" } ], "http://w3id.org/ro-id/rohub/model#community": [ { "@id": "https://w3id.org/ro-id/075e9430-5949-4a09-8622-d20916994eaa/c019b3ba-6789-4d37-9e1a-66cf2c50662c" } ], "http://w3id.org/ro-id/rohub/model#creation_mode": [ { "@value": "MANUAL" } ], "http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#hasGeometry": [ { "@value": "https://w3id.org/ro-id/075e9430-5949-4a09-8622-d20916994eaa/b7ea3b23-5650-42b3-bd1a-84f2fa8d7f5b" } ], "@type": [ "http://purl.org/wf4ever/ro#ResearchObject", "http://purl.org/wf4ever/roevo#LiveRO", "http://schema.org/Dataset", "https://w3id.org/ro/terms/earth-science#DataResearchObject" ], "https://w3id.org/ro/terms/earth-science#template": [ { "@value": "https://w3id.org/ro/terms/earth-science#DataCentricResearchObjectTemplate" } ], "https://www.w3.org/ns/iana/link-relations/relation#cite-as": [ { "@value": "Iaquinta, Jean, Anne Fouilloux, and Raul Palma. \"Has the 2020 IMO fuel regulation had any noticeable impact on air pollution from shipping?.\" ROHub. 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CAMS monitors and forecasts European air quality and worldwide long-range transport of pollutants." } ], "http://schema.org/keywords": [ { "@value": "copernicus" } ], "http://schema.org/license": [ { "@id": "https://choosealicense.com/no-permission/" } ], "http://schema.org/name": [ { "@value": "Copernicus- Air quality" } ], "http://schema.org/sdDatePublished": [ { "@value": "2023-09-12 07:25:07.996127+00:00" } ], "@type": [ "http://purl.org/wf4ever/wf4ever#Resource", "http://purl.org/wf4ever/wf4ever#WebService", "http://schema.org/MediaObject" ] }, { "@id": "https://w3id.org/ro-id/075e9430-5949-4a09-8622-d20916994eaa/resources/3a4680dd-67ef-438f-bd0c-3ef031bbec0a", "http://schema.org/author": [ { "@id": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8763-1643" } ], "http://schema.org/contentUrl": [ { "@value": "https://wwwcdn.imo.org/localresources/en/MediaCentre/PressBriefings/PublishingImages/2019%20images%20pb/5%20changes%20-%20Sulphur%202020%20-%20infographic%20web.jpg" } ], "http://schema.org/creator": [ { "@id": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8763-1643" } ], "http://schema.org/dateCreated": [ { "@value": "2023-09-12 07:52:45.389481+00:00" } ], "http://schema.org/dateModified": [ { "@value": "2023-09-12 07:52:46.306392+00:00" } ], "http://schema.org/description": [ { "@value": "Five beneficial changes from IMO's Sulphur Limit for ships' fuel oil" } ], "http://schema.org/encodingFormat": [ { "@value": "image/jpeg" } ], "http://schema.org/keywords": [ { "@value": "sulphur" } ], "http://schema.org/license": [ { "@id": "https://choosealicense.com/no-permission/" } ], "http://schema.org/name": [ { "@value": "IMO 2020 - five key changes" } ], "http://schema.org/sdDatePublished": [ { "@value": "2023-09-12 07:52:45.389481+00:00" } ], "@type": [ "http://purl.org/wf4ever/wf4ever#Resource", "http://schema.org/MediaObject", "https://w3id.org/ro/terms/earth-science#Diagram" ] }, { "@id": "https://w3id.org/ro-id/075e9430-5949-4a09-8622-d20916994eaa/resources/5d873985-fdd4-4ac0-9249-53290fa3c8f5", "http://schema.org/author": [ { "@id": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8763-1643" } ], "http://schema.org/contentUrl": [ { "@value": "https://www.itf-oecd.org/sites/default/files/docs/potential-efuels-decarbonise-ships-aircraft-v2.pdf" } ], "http://schema.org/creator": [ { "@id": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8763-1643" } ], "http://schema.org/dateCreated": [ { "@value": "2023-09-19 10:42:29.889446+00:00" } ], "http://schema.org/dateModified": [ { "@value": "2023-09-19 10:42:30.688864+00:00" } ], "http://schema.org/description": [ { "@value": "This report examines the potential of electrofuels (e-fuels) to decarbonise long-haul aviation and maritime\nshipping. E-fuels like hydrogen, ammonia, e-methanol or e-kerosene can be produced from renewable\nenergy and feedstocks and are more economical to deploy in these two modes than direct electrification.\nThe analysis evaluates the challenges and opportunities related to e-fuel production technologies and\nfeedstock options to identify priorities for making e-fuels cheaper and maximising emissions cuts. 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