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Detection parameters are left at the tool defaults; no other changes were made to the tool or workflow. https://w3id.org/sciencelive/np/RAyA6pt4EhMD7hZBXAwLJtBjsLYaYZQsoafauxS5BXjWw/po-delta-sourceextractor-study https://w3id.org/sciencelive/o/terms/hasDiscipline http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q199687 https://w3id.org/sciencelive/np/RAyA6pt4EhMD7hZBXAwLJtBjsLYaYZQsoafauxS5BXjWw/po-delta-sourceextractor-study https://w3id.org/sciencelive/o/terms/hasMethodologyDescription A NASA Black Marble (VNP46A4) annual VIIRS night-lights composite over the eastern Po Valley / Po Delta (tile h19v04) was retrieved via earthaccess, the radiance band extracted and written as a single-channel GeoTIFF (water/dark background, bright settlements). This was run through the Galaxy astronomy "source-extractor" tool (astroteam/source_extractor_astro_tool, built on SEP) on usegalaxy.eu via BioBlend, at tool defaults: detection threshold 1.5x the global background RMS, minimum area 5 pixels, deblending (nthresh 32, cont 0.005), background mesh 64x64. The tool returns a source catalog (position, flux, shape), a segmentation map and a sources overlay. The catalog and the radiance field were overlaid on the EU Natura 2000 polygons (EEA): the light-extent metric is the fraction of Po Delta pixels with radiance above 1 nW/cm^2/sr, and nearby settlements are catalog sources within ~10 km of the protected area. 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